Many actors influence the present and the future trajectory of the Internet and cyberspace. These include private sector actors, states and governments, commercial non-state actors, non-commercial entities, international institutions, and various types of Internet users, to name the most prominent.  The eventual outcomes of power and leverage designed to shape the future could create alternative types of outcomes. 

ECIR results include the construction of potential futures based on critical principles of governance (sovereign authority vs. private order), on the one hand, and of mode of interaction (propensity toward conflict vs. toward cooperation), on the other.  The result in Figure below signals four different trajectories, each with distinctive features and implication.

Four futures for cyberspace. Source: Choucri (2012).